In the development of modern cities, sewage treatment and management has gradually become an important link. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the amount of urban sewage is increasing, and the demand for sewage treatment is becoming increasingly urgent. In order to collect and transport sewage effectively, the design and maintenance of pipeline system is particularly important. In this process, the opening scheme of the sewage pipe plays a crucial role. This paper will discuss the opening scheme of sewage pipe in detail, including the purpose of opening, design principles, implementation steps, precautions and related case analysis, in order to provide reference for relevant engineering and technical personnel.

1. Purpose of the opening scheme

The design purpose of the opening scheme mainly includes the following aspects:

1. ** Sewage collection and transportation ** : Through reasonable opening design, the sewage from various sewage sources can be effectively collected and stably transported to the sewage treatment plant. This is essential for the centralized treatment of municipal sewage.

2. ** Reduce the pressure in the pipeline ** : In some cases, the pressure in the sewage pipe may be too high due to poor sewage flow or other reasons. The opening can help release some of the pressure, thereby avoiding the risk of pipe breakage or water leakage.

3. ** Easy maintenance and inspection ** : Reasonable opening design can provide convenience for the maintenance and inspection of the pipeline, and facilitate the staff to monitor and treat the sewage flow and sediment in the pipeline.

4. ** Increase the ventilation effect of the pipeline ** : In the sewage pipe system, opening holes can increase the chance of air entering the pipeline, help the gas in the pipeline to discharge, reduce odor and corrosion.

Two, open hole design principles

In the design of the opening of the sewage pipe, the following principles need to be followed:

1. ** Stability principle ** : The selection of the opening position must take into account the stability of the pipeline to avoid damage to the pipeline structure. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the opening of the hole will not affect the surrounding environment and the lives of residents.

2. ** Economic principle ** : The design of the opening scheme should consider economic factors, minimize the opening cost, and improve the economic benefits of the design.

3. ** Applicability principle ** : The opening design must consider the use of the pipeline and the characteristics of sewage, and select the appropriate opening method and material to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the opening.

4. ** Maintainable principle ** : The position and number of openings should be convenient for later maintenance and inspection to ensure that technicians can easily carry out pipeline maintenance work.

3. Implementation steps for opening holes

### 1. Site investigation

Prior to the implementation of the perforation scheme, a site survey is required first. This step includes:

- Determine the specific location and direction of the pipeline.

- Assess the surrounding environment and identify potential risk factors.

- Collect relevant pipe data, including pipe diameter, material and load capacity, etc.

### 2. Determine the opening position

According to the results of field investigation, determine the location of the opening. In general, the opening should be selected in the following positions:

- The low-lying part of the pipe, which facilitates the discharge and collection of sewage.

- Pipe corner for easy maintenance and inspection of pipe.

- Stay away from residential areas and important facilities to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.

## 3. Design the opening size

The size of the opening should be designed according to the following factors:

Diameter of the pipe: The size of the opening hole should be smaller than the diameter of the pipe to ensure the structural strength of the pipe.

- Sewage flow: According to the flow and nature of sewage, reasonable design of the size of the opening to ensure the smooth flow of sewage.

- Air duct design: If the opening is used for ventilation, the number and size of the opening should be reasonably determined according to the length of the pipeline and the ventilation needs.

### 4. Make construction plan

For the determined opening position and size, develop a detailed construction plan, including:

Schedule of construction.

- Division of labor and allocation of construction personnel.

- Preparation of required tools and materials.

- Stabilization measures during construction.

### 5. Opening construction

In the construction process, it is necessary to operate in strict accordance with the construction plan. Specific steps include:

Use the opening tool to open the hole according to the designed position.

- During the opening process, pay attention to the inside of the pipeline to prevent accidents.

- After opening the hole, clean up the surrounding dirt and make sure the site is clean.

### 6. Inspection and maintenance

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After the opening construction is completed, it is necessary to check the opening to ensure that it meets the design requirements. Maintain the opening regularly, check whether there is leakage or blockage, and deal with it in time.

## IV. Precautions

In the process of opening the sewage pipe, special attention should be paid to the following matters: